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Hitachi Maru Incident : ウィキペディア英語版 | Hitachi Maru Incident
The was a maritime incident which occurred during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, in which three Japanese transports were sunk in a Russian commerce raiding sortie by a Vladivostok-based armored cruiser squadron of the Imperial Russian Navy. ==Background== At the start of the Russo-Japanese War, the bulk of the Russian Pacific Fleet was blockaded within the confines of Port Arthur by the Imperial Japanese Navy. However, the Russian subsidiary naval base at Vladivostok, although shelled by a Japanese squadron under the command of Vice Admiral Dewa Shigeto in March 1904, remained largely undamaged and unblockaded. Located at Vladivostok was a garrison force consisting of the light cruiser and auxiliary cruiser and a stronger Vladivostok Independent Cruiser Squadron consisting of the armored cruisers , , and , under the command of Rear Admiral Karl Jessen.〔Kowner, '' Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War'', p. 412.〕 This small squadron put to sea in the early months of the conflict for commerce raiding operations, and it was the concern of the Imperial Japanese Navy that it might be used either to attack targets on the Japanese mainland, or to coordinate an attack to lift the blockade on Port Arthur. The Japanese were forced to assign the IJN 2nd Fleet under the command of Vice Admiral Kamimura Hikonojō with considerable resources in an attempt to locate and destroy it.
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